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Early Childhood Education: APA examples

Your portal to ECE resources
The following are references for commonly used resources

Te Whāriki: He Whāriki Mātauranga mō ngā Mokopuna o Aotearoa Early Childhood Curriculum

Reference list entry book

Ministry of Education. (2017). Te whāriki: He whāriki mātauranga mō ngā mokopuna o Aotearoa early childhood curriculum.

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Ministry of Education (MoE, 2017) states ... (p. 751).

Parenthetical... (Ministry of Education [MoE], 2017, p. 751).

 

Note: names of government departments
You have the option of choosing to use the full bilingual names of government departments, or one or the other. However, you must be consistent throughout your assignment, and between your in-text citations and reference list.
For example, you may use Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education, or Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga, or Ministry of Education.

 

Reference list entry PDF

Ministry of Education. (2017). Te whāriki: He whāriki mātauranga mō ngā mokopuna o Aotearoa early childhood curriculumhttps://www.education.govt.nz/assets/Documents/Early-Childhood/Te-Whariki-Early-Childhood-Curriculum-ENG-Web.pdf

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Ministry of Education (MoE, 2017) state ... (p. 751).

Parenthetical

... (Ministry of Education [MoE], 2017, p. 751).

 

Note: use of acronyms for corporate authors
If you intend to use acronyms for corporate authors in your in-text citations, your first in-text citation needs to have the name of the corporate author in full with the acronym afterwards. Only do this if you have more than one in-text citation for the same source.
Narrative: Ministry of Education (MoE, 2017) states ...
Parenthetical: ... (Ministry of Education [MoE], 2017).
Subsequent in-text citations can then use just the acronym. 

Referring to Te Whāriki by title in the body of your assignment

If you wish to specifically mention the Te Whāriki document within your assignment and not just rely on an in-text citation to signpost it, you must refer to it by its full title the first time you mention it and place the abbreviation you intend to use to refer to it throughout the remainder of your assignment in brackets afterwards. This is separate from your in-text citation.

Sample paragraph

Te Whāriki: He Whāriki Mātauranga mō ngā Mokopuna o Aotearoa Early Childhood Curriculum (Te Whāriki) is a fundamental document in ensuring New Zealand tamariki receive a level of education that nurtures them, and is underpinned by the four principles of empowerment, holistic development, family and community, and relationships (Ministry of Education [MoE], 2017, pp. 18-21). Not only does Te Whāriki provide a framework for effective programme delivery, it builds upon bioecological, sociocultural, kaupapa Māori and Pasifika educational theories and models (MoE, 2017, pp. 60-62).

Note
When referring to the full title of a document in your paragraphs, you put the title in Italic Title Case. Note how Te Whariki is written in the sample paragraph with all major words starting with a capital.

Licensing Criteria for Early Childhood Education & Care Services 2008 and Early Childhood Education Curriculum Framework

Reference list entry book

Ministry of Education. (2021). Licensing criteria for early childhood education & care services 2008 and early childhood education curriculum framework.

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Ministry of Education (MoE, 2021) states ... (p. 751).

Parenthetical

... (Ministry of Education [MoE], 2021, p. 751).

 

Note: names of government departments
You have the option of choosing to use the full bilingual names of government departments, or one or the other. However, you must be consistent throughout your assignment, and between your intext citations and reference list.
For example, you may use Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education, or Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga, or Ministry of Education.

 

Reference list entry PDF

Ministry of Education. (2021). Licensing criteria for early childhood education & care services 2008 and early childhood education curriculum frameworkhttps://www.education.govt.nz/assets/Documents/Early-Childhood/Licensing-criteria/ECE-Licensing-Booklet-Early-Childhood-April-2021.pdf

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Ministry of Education (MoE, 2021) states ... (p. 751).

Parenthetical

... (Ministry of Education [MoE], 2021, p. 751).

 

Note: use of acronyms for corporate authors
If you intend to use acronyms for corporate authors in your in-text citations, your first in-text citation needs to have the name of the corporate author in full with the acronym afterwards. Only do this if you have more than one in-text citation for the same source.
Narrative: Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga (ToM, 2021) states ...
Parenthetical: ... (Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga [ToM], 2021).
Subsequent in-text citations can then use just the acronym. 

Our Code Our Standards: Code of Professional Responsibility and Standards for the Teaching Profession

Reference list entry English

Education Council New Zealand. (2017). Our code our standards: Code of professional responsibility and standards for the teaching profession.

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Education Council New Zealand (ECNZ, 2017) states ... (p. 751).

Parenthetical

... (Education Council New Zealand [ECNZ], 2017, p. 751).

 

Reference list entry te reo Maori (PDF)

Matatū Aotearoa. (2017, June). Ngā tikanga matatika ngā paerewa: Ngā tikanga matatika mō te haepapa ngaiotanga me ngā paerewa mō te umanga whakaakorangahttps://teachingcouncil.nz/assets/Files/Code-and-Standards/Our-Code-Our-Standards-Nga-Tikanga-Matatika-Nga-Paerewa.pdf 

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Matatū Aotearoa (2017) states ... (p. 751).

Parenthetical

... (Matatū Aotearoa, 2017, p. 751).

 

Note: bilingual editions of publications
You may choose to use the English or te reo Māori title and author for the publication (or both), but you must be consistent throughout your assignment, and between your in-text citation and reference list.

Referencing Kei Tua o te Pae books

 

Reference list online version

Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education. (2009). Kei tua o te pae. Assessment for learning: Early childhood exemplars: Mathematics: Pāngarau (Book 18). http://education.govt.nz/assets/Documents/Early-Childhood/Kei-Tua-o-te-Pae/ECEBk18Full.pdf

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education (2009) states ... (p. 51).

Parenthetical

... (Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education, 2009, p. 51).

 

Reference list paper version

Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education. (2009). Kei tua o te pae. Assessment for learning: Early childhood exemplars: Mathematics: Pāngarau (Book 18). Learning Media.

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education (2009) states ... (p. 51).

Parenthetical

... (Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education, 2009, p. 51).

 

Note: names of government departments
You have the option of choosing to use the full bilingual names of government departments, or one or the other. However, you must be consistent throughout your assignment, and between your in-text citations and reference list.
For example, you may use Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education, or Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga, or Ministry of Education.

 


Tātaiako: Cultural Competencies for Teachers of Māori Learners

 

Reference list online version

Education Council New Zealand. (2011). Tātaiako: Cultural competencies for teachers of Māori learners. Ministry of Education. https://teachingcouncil.nz/assets/Files/Code-and-Standards/Tataiako-cultural-competencies-for-teachers-of-Maori-learners.pdf  

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Education Council New Zealand (ECNZ, 2011) states ... (p. 5).

Parenthetical

... (Education Council New Zealand [ECNZ], 2011, p. 5).

 

Reference list paper version

Matatū Aotearoa. (2011). Tātaiako: Cultural competencies for teachers of Māori learners. Ministry of Education.

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Matatū Aotearoa (2011) states ... (p. 5).

Parenthetical

... (Matatū Aotearoa, 2011, p. 5).

 

Note: names of government departments
You have the option of choosing to use the full bilingual names of government departments, or one or the other. However, you must be consistent throughout your assignment, and between your in-text citations and reference list.
For example, you may use Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education, or Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga, or Ministry of Education.

 


Tapasā: Cultural competencies framework for teachers of Pacific learners

Reference list entry book

Ministry of Education. (2018). Tapasā: Cultural competencies framework for teachers of Pacific learners.

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Ministry of Education (MoE, 2018) states ... (p. 751).

Parenthetical

... (Ministry of Education [MoE], 2018, p. 751).

 

Note: names of government departments
You have the option of choosing to use the full bilingual names of government departments, or one or the other. However, you must be consistent throughout your assignment, and between your intext citations and reference list.
For example, you may use Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga-Ministry of Education, or Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga, or Ministry of Education.

 

Reference list entry PDF

Ministry of Education. (2018). Tapasā: Cultural competencies framework for teachers of Pacific learners. https://teachingcouncil.nz/assets/Files/Tapasa/Tapasa-Cultural-Competencies-Framework-for-Teachers-of-Pacific-Learners-2019.pdf

In-text citations

Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.

Narrative
Ministry of Education (MoE, 2018) states ... (p. 751).

Parenthetical

... (Ministry of Education [MoE], 2018, p. 751).

 

Note: use of acronyms for corporate authors
If you intend to use acronyms for corporate authors in your in-text citations, your first in-text citation needs to have the name of the corporate author in full with the acronym afterwards. Only do this if you have more than one in-text citation for the same source.
Narrative: Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga (ToM, 2021) states ...
Parenthetical: ... (Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga [ToM], 2021).
Subsequent in-text citations can then use just the acronym. 
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