What are point-of-care resources?
Point-of-Care resources and tools allow health professionals to make evidence-based decisions in clinical settings. They give information such as drug or data sheets, drug interactions and calculators, and summaries of conditions, diagnoses, procedures and more.
CINAHL
Point-of-care resources from CINAHL are mainly evidence-based care sheets or quick lessons. Use the below as a standard model and include as much information as you can find.
Author Surname(s), A. (Year, Month Day). Title of entry in sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case [Format descriptor in sentence case]. Title of Database in Italic Title Case.
Caple, C., & Cabrera, G. (2021, July 9). Asthma: Management in older adults [Evidence-based care sheet]. CINAHL Nursing Guide.
Evidence-based care sheet
Reference list entry
Pilgrim, J., & Parks-Chapman, J. (2018, January 12). Gastroesophageal reflux disease [Evidence-based care sheet]. CINAHL Nursing Guide.
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Pilgrim and Parks-Chapman (2018) list the following contraindications ... (What we know section, para. 3).
Parenthetical
... (Pilgrim & Parks-Chapman, 2018, What we know section, para. 3).
Quick lesson
Reference list entry
Pilgrim, J., & Karakashian, A. L. (2018, November 2). Agitation [Quick lesson]. CINAHL Nursing Guide.
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Pilgrim and Karakashian (2018) state ... (Risk factors section, para. 1).
Parenthetical
... (Pilgrim & Karakashian, 2018, Risk factors section, para. 1).
If there is no named author, move the title and format descriptor to the place of author, keeping the original formatting. Keep everything else in the same order.
CINAHL and Nursing Reference Centre Plus resources are referenced in the same way.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Any point-of-care resource from Cochrane is referenced the same as a journal article. Use the below as a standard model.
It is okay to leave out volume, issue, page, article number and DOI if they don't have them, but include them if they do. Often this can only be found in PDF versions, so always look there first. For information see Systematic reviews in the Tricky Health APA guide.
Surname, A. (Year). Title of resource in sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case. Title of Systematic Review Database or Proprietary Publication in Italic Title Case, volume number in italic case(issue number), Article number or eLocator, page range of resource. DOI or proprietary database homepage URL
Nevitt, S. J., Sudell, M., Cividini, S., Marson, A. G., & Tudur Smith, C. (2022). Antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: A network meta-analysis of individual participant data. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4), Article CD011412, 60-120. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011412.pub4
Clinical Answer
Reference list entry
Ronellenfitsch, U. (2023). What are the effects of priobiotics for the management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children? Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
https://doi.org/10.1002/cca.4297
In-text citations
Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Ronellenfitsch (2023) describes... (para. 2).
Parenthetical
... (Ronellenfitsch, 2023, para. 2).
Protocol-Intervention
Reference list entry
Vilate, G., Fox, T., Rohwer, A. C., Volmink, J., & McCaul, M. (2023). Digital devices for tuberculosis treatment adherence. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (6), Article CD015709.
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD015709
In-text citations
Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Vilate et al. (2023) describe... (p. 7).
Parenthetical
... (Vilate et al., 2023, p. 7).
Cochrane resources only need the year, because they are referenced as journal articles. They don't need any format descriptors in square brackets for the same reason.
DynaMed
Information from DynaMed is referenced either as a drug monograph, or not a drug monograph. Non-drug monographs can include conditions, management, devices, and approaches to patient. To know which is which, look in the top left-hand corner above the entry title.
DynaMed condition, management, device, approach to patient
Editor Surname(s), A. (Eds.). (Year, Month Day). Title of entry in sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case. Title of Database in Italic Title Case. Database homepage URL
Lin, M., Lang, E., & Ehrlich, A. (Eds.). (2022, October 11). Acetaminophen poisoning. DynaMed. https://dynamed.com/home
Reference list entry
Dunn, L. K., Toscano, F. V., & Trow, T. K. (Eds.). (2023, October 2). General anesthesia in adults. DynaMed. https://www.dynamed.com/home
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Dunn et al. (2023) list the following ... (Quality improvement section).
Parenthetical
... (Dunn et al., 2023, Quality improvement section).
DynaMed drug information
Drug monographs from DynaMed are referenced in the same way as a webpage. However, because DynaMed drug monographs do not include authors, shift the title and format descriptor to the place of the author.
Title of entry in italic sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case [Format descriptor in sentence case]. (Year, Month Day). Title of Database in Title Case. Database homepage URL
Varenicline [Drug monograph]. (2023, September 21). DynaMed. https://www.dynamed.com/home
Reference list entry
Salicylic acid [Drug monograph]. (2023, November 15). DynaMed. https://www.dynamed.com/home
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
"Salicylic Acid" (2023) states ... (Mechanism of action section, para. 1).
Parenthetical
... ("Salicylic Acid", 2023, Mechanism of action section, para. 1).
Watch out for italics in DynaMed entries. The name of the database is not in italics for drug monographs, but is in italics for everything else.
Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI)
JBI database point-of-care resources include best practice information sheets, recommended practices and evidence summaries. They are referenced slightly differently because of the information they do or don't have. To reference a systematic review from JBI, see Systematic reviews.
Best practice information sheet
Best practice information sheets are referenced as a journal articles, but with a format descriptor and a proprietary database URL.
Author Surname, A. (Year). Title of entry in sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case [Format descriptor in sentence case]. Name of Database in Italic Title Case, volume number in italics(issue number), page range of article. Website homepage URL
Weaver, S. H. (2023). The experiences and perceptions of nurses working night shift [Best practice evidence sheet]. Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Database, 25(1), 1-4. https://joannabriggs.org/
Reference list entry
Johal, J. (2022). Effectiveness of telemonitoring on self-care behaviors among community-dwelling adults with heart failure [Best practice evidence sheet]. Joanna Briggs Insititue EBP Database, 23(6), 1-4.
https://joannabriggs.org/
Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
As Johal (2022) states ... (p. 2).
Parenthetical
... (Johal, 2022, p. 2).
Evidence summary or recommended practices
These are referenced in the same way. However, evidence summaries have authors and recommended practices do not.
Last updated: July 2024
Author Surname, A. (Year, Month Day). Title of entry in sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case [Format descriptor in sentence case]. Name of Database in Italic Title Case. Website homepage URL
Moola, S. (2023, August 18). Blood transfusion: Platelet-rich-plasmapheresis [Evidence summary]. Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Database. https://joannabriggs.org/
Reference list entry
Type 2 diabetes mellitus: Treatment of hypoglycemia [Recommended practice].(2023, November 6). Joanna Briggs Insititue EBP Database.
https://joannabriggs.org/
In-text citations
Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus" (2023) describes ... (Best practice recommendations section).
Parenthetical
... ("Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus", 2023, Best practice recommendations section).
Lippincott Advisor
Last updated: 21 Jan 2025
Lippincott Advisor and Lippincott Procedures are referenced in the same way.
Title of entry in sentence case. (Year, Month Day). Name of Website in Italic Title Case. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from Homepage URL
Conjunctivitis, long term care. (2024, October 28). Lippincott Advisor: New Zealand Instance. Retrieved January 21, 2025, from https://advisor.lww.com
Reference list entry
Breast cancer tumor markers. (2024, April 8). Lippincott Advisor: New Zealand Instance. Retrieved January 21, 2025, from
https://advisor.lww.com
In-text citations
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
As detailed in "Breast Cancer Tumor Markers" (2024) ... (Teaching points section).
Parenthetical
... with patients ("Breast Cancer Tumor Markers", 2024, Teaching points section).
Lippincott Procedures
Last updated: 21 Jan 2025
Lippincott Procedures and Lippincott Advisor are referenced in the same way.
Title of entry in sentence case. (Year, Month Day). Name of Website in Italic Title Case. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from Website homepage URL
Cultural assessment. (2023, May 23). Lippincott Procedures: New Zealand Instance. Retrieved January 21, 2025, from https://procedures.lww.com
Reference list entry
Lumbar puncture (Advanced practice). (2023, December 12). Lippincott Procedures: New Zealand Instance. Retrieved January 21, 2025, from
https://procedures.lww.com
In-text citations
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
As detailed in "Lumbar Puncture" (2023) ... (Complications section).
Parenthetical
... with patients ("Lumbar Puncture", 2023, Complications section).
Notes on Injectable Drugs (NOIDs)
Last updated: 16 Jan 2025
Corporate Author. (Year, Month day). Title of monograph in italic sentence case [Format descriptor in sentence case]. Name of Website in Title Case. Website homepage URL
New Zealand Hospital Pharmacy Association. (2024, August 18). Adrenaline [Monograph]. Notes on Injectable Drugs. https://www.noids.nz
Reference list entry
New Zealand Hospital Pharmacy Association. (2022, August 1). Acetylcysteine [Monograph]. Notes on Injectable Drugs.
https://www.noids.nz
Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
New Zealand Hospital Pharmacy Association (2022) gives... (Dilution section, para. 2).
Parenthetical
... (New Zealand Hospital Pharmacy Association, 2022, Dilution section, para. 2).
Nursing Reference Centre Plus
Point-of-care resources from Nursing Reference Centre Plus (NRCP) include:
Drug monographs from a book in NRCP are referenced as a book or chapter in an edited book. They are also books from a database.
For all others, use the below example.
Author Surname(s), A. or Corporate Author(s). (Year, Month Day). Title of entry in sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case [Format descriptor in sentence case]. Title of Database in Italic Title Case.
Caple, C., & McDaniels, C. (2023, March 31). Obtaining a specimen of nasal drainage [Quick lesson]. Nursing Reference Centre Plus.
Reference list entry
Mennella, H., & Obiamaka, O. (2018, October 26). Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive (COPD): Fatigue [Evidence-based care sheet]. Nursing Reference Centre Plus.
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Mennella and Obiamaka (2018) list the following ... (Diversity, equity and inclusion section).
Parenthetical
... (Mennella & Obiamaka, 2018, Diversity, equity and inclusion section).
If there is no named author, move the title and format descriptor to the place of author, keeping the original formatting. Keep everything else in the same order.
Nursing Reference Centre Plus and CINAHL resources are referenced in the same way.
BMJ Best Practice
BMJ Best Practice entries are referenced as webpages.
Author Surname(s), A. (Year, Month day). Title of webpage in italic sentence case: Subtitle in italic sentence case. Name of Website in Title Case. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL
Lewington, A., & Lee, U. J. (2024, January 24). Urinary tract infections in women. BMJ Best Practice. Retrieved October 23, 2024, from https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/3000120
Reference list entry
Anderson, M., & Botek, G. (2024, October 4). Plantar fasciitis. BMJ Best Practice. Retrieved October 23, 2024, from https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/487
Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Anderson and Botek (2024) state ... (para. 4).
Parenthetical
... (Anderson & Botek, 2024, para. 4).
BPAC web articles
BPAC web articles are referenced as webpages. They are not journal articles.
Last updated: July 2024
Website as Author. (Year, Month day). Title of article in italic sentence case: Subtitle in italic sentence case. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL
BPAC NZ. (2024, May 31). Cough medicines: Do they make a difference? Retrieved July 8, 2024, from https://bpac.org.nz/2023/cough-medicines.aspx
Reference list entry
BPAC NZ. (2024, May 23). Hypertension in adults: The silent killer. Retrieved July 8, 2024, from https://bpac.org.nz/2023/hypertension.aspx
Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
BPAC NZ (2024) states ... (para. 2).
Parenthetical
... (BPAC NZ, 2024, para. 2).
MedSafe Drug Sheets
Pharmaceutical Company as Author. (Year, Month day). Title of product name in italic sentence case [Format descriptor in sentence case]. Name of Website in Title Case. URL
Last updated: July 2024
Reckitt Benckiser. (2023, December 18). Nurofen 400 double strength coated tablets [Data sheet]. Medsafe. https://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/Datasheet/n/nurofendoublestrengthtab.pdf
Reference list entry
Viatris. (2021, November 18). Lora-tabs allergy and hayfever [Data sheet]. Medsafe.
https://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/datasheet/l/LoratabsAllergyAndHayfevertab.pdf
Page/paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Viatris (2021) lists the following contraindications ... (p. 3).
Parenthetical
... (Viatris, 2021, p. 3).
MSD/Merck Manuals
MSD Manuals (Merck Manuals in the U.S. and Canada) are available in professional and consumer versions. Entries in them are references like chapters in an edited online book, but without editors given.
Author Surname(s), A. (Year). Title of entry in sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case. In Title of book in italic sentence case. Name of Publisher. URL
Hennessy, B. J. (2022). Halitosis. In MSD manual professional version. Merck & Co. https://www.msdmanuals.com/en-nz/professional/dental-disorders/symptoms-of-dental-and-oral-disorders/halitosis
Example
Reference list entry
Whitney, K. A. (2022). Tarsal tunnel syndrome. In MSD manual consumer version. Merck & Co. https://www.msdmanuals.com/en-nz/home/bone,-joint,-and-muscle-disorders/foot-problems/tarsal-tunnel-syndrome
In-text citations
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Whitney (2022) describes...(Diagnosis section, para. 2).
Parenthetical
... (Whitney, 2022, Diagnosis section, para. 2).
A retrieval date is not needed for MSD/Merck Manuals as it is referenced an a chapter in an edited book online.
New Zealand Formulary
Name of Website in Title Case (Version number). (Year). Title of section name in italic sentence case [Section number]. URL
New Zealand Formulary (Version 137). (2023). Thyroid and antithyroid drugs [6.2]. https://nzf.org.nz/nzf_3779
Reference list entry
New Zealand Formulary (Version 137). (2023). Infliximab [1.5.3].
https://nzf.org.nz/nzf_847
In-text citations
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
The New Zealand Formulary (2023) lists the following contraindications ... (Cautions section).
Parenthetical
... (New Zealand Formulary, 2023, Cautions section).
A retrieval date is not required for New Zealand Formulary as the version number is sufficient to identify when you accessed the information.
StatPearls
Entries from StatPearls are referenced in the same way as chapters in an edited, online book. However, they have a lot of editors. You can copy and paste the below example, altering the authors, date, chapter title and URL as necessary.
Author Surname(s) of Chapter, A. (Year, Month day). Title of chapter in sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case. In E. Editor Surname(s) of book (Ed. or Eds.), Title of book in italic sentence case. Name of Publisher. URL
Ngo, V. T. H., & Bajaj, T. (2023, August 11). Ibuprofen. In W. B. Ackley, T. S. Adolphe, T. C. Aeby, N. R. Aeddula, S. Agadi, P. Agasthi, S. Ahmad, A. Ahmed, F. W. Ahmed, I. Ahmed, R. A. Ahmed, S. W. Ahmed, A. M. Akanmode, R. Akella, S. M. Akram, Y. Al Khalili, E. Al Zaabi, M. H. Alahmadi, G. Alexander, … H. Zulfiqar (Eds.), StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542299/
Example
Reference list entry
Gerriets, V., Anderson, J., Patel, P., & Nappe, T. M. (2024, January 11). Acetaminophen. In W. B. Ackley, T. S. Adolphe, T. C. Aeby, N. R. Aeddula, S. Agadi, P. Agasthi, S. Ahmad, A. Ahmed, F. W. Ahmed, I. Ahmed, R. A. Ahmed, S. W. Ahmed, A. M. Akanmode, R. Akella, S. M. Akram, Y. Al Khalili, E. Al Zaabi, M. H. Alahmadi, G. Alexander, … H. Zulfiqar (Eds.), StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482369/
In-text citations
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Gerriets et al. (2024) describe...(Monitoring section, para. 2).
Parenthetical
... (Gerriets et al., 2024, Monitoring section, para. 2).
A retrieval date is not needed for StatPearls as it is referenced an a chapter in an edited book online.
UpToDate (Free version)
UpToDate is available in both a free version and as a paid online database. As Wintec does not subscribe to the paid version of UpToDate, you will be referencing information from the free version as below.
Surname, A. (Year). Title of entry in sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case. Title of Website in Italic Sentence Case. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL
Black, D. W. (2023). Antisocial personality disorder: Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, course and disgnosis. UpToDate. Retrieved November 11, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/antisocial-personality-disorder-epidemiology-clinical-manifestations-course-and-diagnosis
Example
Reference list entry
Somers, M. J., & Traum, A. Z. (2023). Hypernatremia in children. UpToDate. Retrieved November 20, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hypernatremia-in-children
In-text citations
Section and paragraph numbers are optional for paraphrased information.
Narrative
Somers and Traum (2023) describe... (Epidemiology section).
Parenthetical
... (Somers & Traum, 2023, Epidemiology section).